Tuta absoluta was present in 7 of the 8 administrative regions of niger three years after its introduction adamou et al. Unfortunately, information on the resistance status of this pest is lacking in northern nigeria, hampering appropriate control measures. The crop pest, tuta absoluta, which can cause extreme damage in tomatoes, eggplants, aubergine, sweet peppers and potatoes, whilst also feeding on weeds from the solanaceae family was found in the kadawa irrigation valley, which is the major producing area. First report of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick. May 27, 2016 nigerias ministry of science and technology has developed a pesticide agent that is very effective against the new tomato pest tuta absoluta which has recently ravaged tomato farms in. Here, we identified to species level and, using bioassays, characterised insecticide susceptibility profile. Determination of insecticide susceptibility of field.
Quick identification guide for tuta absoluta keiferia. Multivoltine twelve generations in a year average 260 eggs laid by a female larvae mine in the mesophyll of the leaf four larval instars pupates in the soil and sometimes in the leaves prefers tomato but can complete in other solanaceous plants. The arrangement of the genus of this species has been changed three times. Agriculture free fulltext determination of insecticide. The south american tomato pinworm, tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera. Oct 12, 2017 tuta absoluta specimens used for all the experiments originated from infested tomato leaves collected in 2009 in organic greenhouses in south east sicily italy, which were reinoculated with. Gelechiidae, was found feeding on commercial solanum lycopersicum tomato leaves, fruits, and stems in nepal. Modeling the risk of invasion and spread of tuta absoluta. Tuta absoluta is now one of the key pests of tomato in tanzania that pose a serious agricultural threat to tomato production. Impacts of tuta absoluta in kenya and zambia impacts of tuta absoluta were estimated for kenya and zambia during a household survey conducted in 2018.
Nigeria has home grown solution to tomato pest, tuta absoluta. Adult moths of tuta absoluta are relatively small with a body length of 7mm. However, the continent does not produce enough tomatoes to meet its own needs. Its impacts on crop production are well understood, but its distribution in the country is unclear. Recently tuta absoluta considered to be a serious threat to tomato production in kenya tuta absoluta is a very challenging pest to control. Read how to prevent tomato disease tuta absoluta known in nigeria as tomato ebola tomato farming part five.
Clarke 1962 changed the genus to gnorimoschema busck 1900. Pdf biological invasion of tomato leaf miner, tuta. Tuta absoluta, a voracious and aggressive pest scientific name of pest. First detection of tuta absoluta in south africa publication date thu, 01 sep 2016, 11. Tuta absoluta wipes off thousands of hectares of tomatoes in a matter of hours causing huge and devastating losses to the farmer. Nigeria is subsaharan africas biggest producer of tomatoes, producing up to 1. Nigeria is the largest producer of tomato in africa while the northern regions are the main producers of tomatoes in the country. Effects of botanical extracts of neem azadirachta indica. It has a highly damaging effect on tomatoes and potential of threatening food production and consequently national food security. Exploring the mechanisms of the spatiotemporal invasion of. This specimen is deposited in the natural history museum, london, uk. Report number zaf311 country south africa pest id tuta absoluta gnorab report status preliminary hosts. However, invasion of tomato borer has declined production by 50% materu et al.
Tuta absoluta is an invasive insect that originated from south america and has spread to europe africa and asia. Biological products are an essential aspect in the cultivation of todays tomato crops. Despite the fact that nigeria is the 14th largest producer of tomatoes in the world and the largest producer of tomatoes in subsaharan africa, the. Tuta absoluta reported global plant protection news. Description tuta absoluta or tomato leaf miner is a devastating lepidopteran pest of tomato and other solanaceae crops, including potatoes. In this study, biological and molecular methods were used. Tuta absoluta specimens used for all the experiments originated from infested tomato leaves collected in 2009 in organic greenhouses in south. It was declared as a major pest since 1964 in argentina from where it spread over all other south american countries. Gelechiidae in brazil led to the investigation of the possible occurrence of resistance of this insect pest to abamectin, cartap, methamidophos and permethrin.
A threat to tomato production in africa article pdf available january 2016 with 1,490 reads how we measure reads. Tuta absoluta can overwinter as eggs, pupae and adults. Pdf nigeria is the largest producer of tomato in africa while the northern regions are the main producers of tomatoes in the country. First records of the tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta. This is a complete guide on how to start tomato farming, from seed stage to harvesting. State and territory agricultural regulatory officials. The tomato leafminer tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera. Gelechiidae, the south american tomato pinworm, is considered a serious lepidopteran pest that causes severe damage to tomatoes, leading to economic losses with a shortage of tomato supply in affected countries 14. Harvesting and selling within two months of transplanting tomato seedlings, the fruit should be filling out and starting to turn color and ready for harvesting. Its impacts on crop production are well understood. It also occurs on weeds of the solanaceae family solanum nigrum, datura spp. Event partners tuta absoluta reproduces rapidly, with 1012 generations per year. They are creamcoloured and very small, being about 0. Recently tuta absoluta considered to be a serious threat to tomato production in kenya.
General information about tuta absoluta gnorab name language. Since its detection in spain in 2006, the pest is continuing to expand its geographical range, including the recent detection in several subsaharan african countries. Gelechiidae, is a major invasive pest that has spread throughout many countries in the mediterranean basin and parts of asia over the last decade. Insecticide resistance in populations of tuta absoluta. Tuta absoluta can be differentiated most reliably by the male genital characters. Tuta absoluta is a species of moth in family gelechiidae known by the common names tomato leafminer, tomato pinworm and south american tomato moth. Tuta absoluta and keiferia lycopersicella are the only species in this id tool that have a dark band on the posterior margin of the prothoracic shield.
Tuta absoluta is a serious invasive pest of tomatoes and potatoes. Complete guide on how to start tomato farming in nigeria. Biological invasion of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick. Evaluation of some insecticides against tomato leaf miner. Accordingly, many trials were made for its control and suppression of damage through application of chemicals, botanicals and pheromones. Control and management of tomato leafminer tuta absoluta. Tuta absoluta has high rate of reproduction and short life cycle making it very dominant in the infested tomato fields. The body is brown in colour with darker flecks of colour on each. Gelechiidae is an invasive insect pest of tomato and other solanaceous plants which is rapidly expanding its geographic range. Recently tuta absoluta considered to be a serious threat to tomato production in mediterranean region. Tuta absoluta, and which also prohibits imports of two propagative materials, datura spp. It was first discover in nigeria in the year 2015 and caused a total wipe out of farms in the major producing areas located at the northern part of the country. Oct 27, 2019 read how to prevent tomato disease tuta absoluta known in nigeria as tomato ebola tomato farming part five.
The south america tomato pinworm tuta absoluta is a serious invasive species in nigeria. Here, between march 2017 and july 2018, mapping surveys of the distribution of t. The tomato leaf miner moth was found in abuja, kano, funtua, lagos and port harcourt major tomato production regions of the country. Pdf determination of insecticide susceptibility of field. Eggs of both species are ovalcylindrical, usually laid on the underside of leaves, on buds, or on the calyxes of green fruit. Pdf biological invasion of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta. Tuta absoluta has been attributed to causing tomato. It is well known as a serious pest of tomato crops in europe, africa, western asia and south and central america. Gelechiidae is an invasive insect native of south america. In addition, this federal order adds haiti to update the list of countries aphis designates to be infested by tomato leaf. This federal order replaces the previous tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta federal order da201221 that is dated august 14, 2012. May 24, 2016 the nigerian government is making efforts to contain the spread of tuta absoluta the disease that experts identified to have affected tomato farms leading to scarcity of the product in the. During the 2016 tomato season, a sporadic attack by invasive tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta, nicknamed tomato ebola occurred in the northern parts of the country, where tomato production was most concentrated villareal, 1980.
Occurrence, biology, natural enemies and management of tuta. Tuta absoluta is moving rapidly to the east to engulf all of the mediterranean countries. Imports of host materials of tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta to. Tuta absoluta disease causing nigerias tomato scarcity. Ibrahim 1,3, 1 department of biochemistry, bayero university, pmb 3011 kano, nigeria. In may of 2016, the tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta lepidoptera. The problems associated with tuta absoluta are its rapid population multiplication up to 12 generations in 1 year and its ability to develop resistance toward synthetic insecticides within few generations. The total life cycle is completed within 3035 days. Gelechiidae, is a native devastating pest, particularly to the tomato lycopersicon esculentum. Life cycle and identification of tuta absoluta tuta absoluta. Tomato and cherry tomato for successful tomato crops, biological pest control and bumblebees are essential. The newly introduced pest from south america finding the shores of the mediterranean a perfect new home where it can breed between 1012 generations a year. Tuta absoluta was originally described as phthorimaea absoluta meyrick 1917 from a single male which was collected in huancayo, peru. Citrus peel essential oil nanoformulations to control the.
The present study was carried out to determine the efficacy of different insecticides at different concentrations against the larvae of tuta absoluta on tomato in laboratory and glasshouse. Distribution details in ethiopia of tuta absoluta gnorab current pest situation evaluated by eppo on the basis of information dated 20. Unfortunately, information on the resistance status of this pest is lacking in northern nigeria. Introduction the tomato borer, tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera.
Biological control in tomato and cherry tomato biobest. Application of a biorational control strategy is the sustainable way to deal with tuta absoluta. Tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta,tomato pest, potato pest. Tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta meyrick 1917, an emerging. During the 2016 tomato season, a sporadic attack by invasive tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta, nicknamed tomato ebola occurred in the northern parts of the country, where tomato production was. First records of tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta in south africa 305 geographic origin to diamide insecticides, a relatively new introduction to the market for the control of t. In 2016, northern nigeria experienced a devastating infestation by the tomato leaf miner, leading to soaring in prices of tomatoes across the country. It has the potential of inflicting serious and lasting damage to strategic crops for many countries and communities. Development of tuta pupa takes place in the soil and occasionally on plant parts such as the stem. Economic importance of tuta absoluta tomato is the major horticultural crop in tanzania where it is estimated that 17. Adults are nocturnal and hide between leaves during the daytime. Tuta absoluta is a multivoltine species with high reproductive potential tropea garzia et al.
Latest pest reports international plant protection convention. Gelechiidae is a highly destructive insect pest to tomato plants and fruit and is also reported to infest other plants in the solanaceae family. Adult females lay eggs on host plants and a mature female can lay up to 260 eggs before completing its life cycle. Bioactivity of piper extracts on tuta absoluta lepidoptera. Clarke 1962 changed the genus to gnorimoschema busck. In 2016, the price of tomato skyrocketed by 400% within three months, as tuta absoluta destroyed the annual harvest, affecting tomato farms across kaduna, kano, katsina, jigawa and plateau states.